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√ 16 Tenses Bahasa Inggris dengan Rumus dan Contoh

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16 tenses bahasa inggris
16 tenses bahasa inggris

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16 Tenses Bahasa Inggris

16 Tense Bahasa Inggris merupakan bentuk kata kerja dalam bahasa Inggris untuk menunjukkan waktu sekarang, masa depan, atau masa lalu yang terjadinya suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa. Di Indonesia di kenal 16 rumus tenses bahasa inggris meski secara umum hanya terdapat 12 tenses. Secara sederhana dapat diartikan sebagai pola kalimat yang berubah menurut waktu merujuk pada masa lalu (Past), masa sekarang (Present) dan masa depan (Future). Dengan memahami tenses bahasa inggris kita bisa menyusun kalimat dengan lebih baik meski tidak harus selalu kita gunakan.

Berikut 16 tenses bahasa inggris dengan rumus dan contoh yang akan kita pelajari dalam topik belajar Qna Sains Jago grammar bahasa inggris:

16 tenses bahasa inggris
(16 tenses bahasa inggris – Image qnasains.com)

1. Simple present tenses

Tenses pertama yang akan kita pelajari dari 16 tenses bahasa inggris adalah Simple Present Tense. Simple Present Tense adalah tenses yang sering kali digunakan, dan karena paling banyak pembahasannya akan lebih panjang penjelelasannya. Arti simple yaitu sederhana, sedangkan present adalah sekarang. Jadi bisa dikatakan bahwa Simple Present adalah tenses (pola kalimat) yang digunakan untuk menceritakan waktu sekarang dalam bentuk sederhana. Nama lain daripada Present adalah BENTUK 1.

Simple Present Tense adalah bentuk kalimat yang menyatakan kejadian yang terjadi tapi tidak harus terikat dengan waktu. 

Susunan rumus dan kalimat untuk simple present tense adalah sebagai berikut.

SENTENCES   FORMULA EXAMPLES
Positive Verbal Subject + V1 + (s/es) Dad works hard every day
Nominal Subject + is/am/are + nominal She is more beautiful than usual
Negative Verbal Subject + don’t/doesn’t + V1 I don’t know what to say to her
Nominal Subject + is/am/are + not + nominal They aren’t as bad as you think
Interrogative Verbal Do/Does + Subject + V+ ? Does he know about this?
Nominal Is/Am/Are + Subject + nominal + ? Are you better than yesterday?

Jadi kapanpun Anda melihat kata present dalam tenses apapun, bisa dipastikan bahwa dia menggunakan bentuk 1 – bentuk apa? ya bentuk verb, karena semua predicate itu wajib verb bukan, coba lihat posting awal grammar basic ini.

2. Simple Past Tense

Simple past tense merupakan tenses ke dua dari 16 tenses bahasa inggris, tenses ini digunakan untuk menjelaskan sesuatu yang sudah terjadi di masa lalu, baik waktunya disebutkan atau tidak.

Susunan rumus dan kalimat untuk Simple Past Tense adalah sebagai berikut.

SENTENCES   FORMULA EXAMPLES
Positive Verbal Subject + V2 She drove to the town solely
Nominal Subject + was/were + nominal You were glad to meet him
Negative Verbal Subject + didn’t + V1 She didn’t drive to the town solely
Nominal Subject + was/were + not + nominal You weren’t glad to meet him
Interrogative Verbal Did + Subject + V+ ? Did she drive to the town solely?
Nominal Was/were + Subject + nominal + ? Were you glad to meet him?

3. Simple Future Tense

Simple future tense digunakan untuk menjelaskan sesuatu yang akan terjadi di masa depan, baik waktunya disebutkan atau tidak.

Susunan rumus dan kalimat untuk Simple Future Tense adalah sebagai berikut.

SENTENCES   FORMULA EXAMPLES
Positive Verbal Subject + will + V1 You will know sooner or later
Nominal Subject + will + be + nominal Henry will be the champion today
Negative Verbal Subject + won’t + V1 You won’t know till you’ve tried
Nominal Subject + won’t + be + nominal She won’t be the model
Interrogative Verbal Will + Subject + V+ ? Will the police come on time?
Nominal Will + Subject + be + nominal + ? Will she become a nurse soon?

4. Simple Past Future Tense

Simple past future tense digunakan untuk menjelaskan aktivitas yang akan dilakukan di masa lalu.

Contoh jelasnya dalam bahasa Indonesia begini, “Saat terjadi kecelakaan kemarin, Romi masih akan berangkat ke sekolah.”

Sudah paham, bukan? Kalau begitu, ini susunan rumus dan kalimat untuk Simple Past Future Tense.

SENTENCES   FORMULA EXAMPLES
Positive Verbal Subject + should/would + bare infinitive Sarah should go to the hospital
Nominal Subject + was/were + going to + bare infinitive He was going to write a new note
Negative Verbal Subject + should/would + not + bare infinitive Sarah should not go to the hospital
Nominal Subject + was/were + not + going to + bare infinitive He was not going to write a new note
Interrogative Verbal Should/would + subject + bare infinitive + ? Should Sarah go to the hospital?
Nominal Was/were + subject + going to + bare infinitive + ? Was he going to write a new note?

Catatan: sekilas bare infinitive tampak seperti verb ya? Tapi keduanya berbeda fungsi lho, itu akan dibahas di topik selanjutnya.

5. Present Continuous Tense

Present continuous tense digunakan untuk menjelaskan sesuatu yang sedang dilakukan sekarang.

Susunan kalimat dan contohnya bisa dilihat di bawah ini.

SENTENCES   FORMULA EXAMPLES
Positive Verbal Subject + is/am/are + Ving She is playing a kite
Nominal Subject + is/am/are + nominal Fajar is a college student
Negative Verbal Subject + is/am/are + not + Ving She is not playing a kite
Nominal Subject + is/am/are + not + nominal Fajar isn’t a college student
Interrogative Verbal Is/Am/Are + Subject + Ving + ? Is she playing a kite?
Nominal Is/Am/Are + Subject + nominal + ? Is Fajar a college student?

6. Past Continuous Tense

Past continuous tense digunakan untuk menjelaskan sesuatu yang sedang dilakukan di masa lalu.

Berikut ini adalah formula sekaligus contohnya.

SENTENCES   FORMULA EXAMPLES
Positive Verbal Subject + was/were + Ving They were trying a new road
Nominal Subject + was/were + nominal Alea was afraid of the dark
Negative Verbal Subject + was/were + not + Ving They weren’t trying a new road
Nominal Subject + was/were + nominal Alea wasn’t afraid of the dark
Interrogative Verbal Was/were + Subject + Ving + ? Were they trying a new road?
Nominal Was/were + Subject + nominal + ? Was Alea afraid of the dark?

7. Future Continuous Tense

Future continuous tense digunakan untuk menjelaskan sesuatu yang akan sedang dilakukan di masa depan.

Susunan formula untuk future continuous tense bisa dilihat sebagai berikut.

SENTENCES   FORMULA EXAMPLES
Positive Verbal Subject + will + be + Ving I will be going to school tomorrow
Nominal Subject + will + being + nominal She will being a hero the day after tomorrow
Negative Verbal Subject + will + not + be + Ving I won’t be going to school tomorrow
Nominal Subject + will + not + being + nominal She won’t being a hero the day after tomorrow
Interrogative Verbal Will + Subject + be + Ving + ? Will I be going to school tomorrow?
Nominal Will + Subject + being + nominal + ? Will she being a hero the day after tomorrow

8. Past Future Continuous Tense

Past future continuous tense digunakan untuk menjelaskan sesuatu yang akan dilakukan di masa lalu.

Berikut ini formula untuk past future continuous tense.

SENTENCES   FORMULA EXAMPLES
Positive Verbal Subject + would + be + Ving We would be coming to your house if you were at home
Nominal Subject + would + being + nominal My son would being the actor if he wasn’t sick
Negative Verbal Subject + would + not + be + Ving We would not be coming to your house if you were at home
Nominal Subject + would + not + being + nominal My son would not being the actor if he wasn’t sick
Interrogative Verbal Would + Subject + be + Ving + ? Would we be coming to your house if you were at home?
Nominal Would + Subject + being + nominal + ? Would my son being the actor if he wasn’t sick?

9. Present Perfect Tense

Present prefect tense digunakan untuk menjelaskan sesuatu yang sudah dilakukan sekarang.

Simak contoh rumus dan susunan kalimatnya berikut ini ya!

SENTENCES   FORMULA EXAMPLES
Positive Verbal Subject + has/have + V3 I have done the task earlier
Nominal Subject + has/have + been + nominal She has been a good doctor for the girl a while ago
Negative Verbal Subject + has/have + not + V3 I haven’t done the task earlier
Nominal Subject + has/have + not + been + nominal She hasn’t been a good doctor for the girl a while ago
Interrogative Verbal Has/have + Subject + V+ ? Have I done the task earlier?
Nominal Has/have + Subject + been + nominal + ? Has she been a good doctor for the girl a while ago?

10. Past Perfect Tense

Past continuous tense digunakan untuk menjelaskan sesuatu yang sudah dilakukan di masa lalu.

Di bawah ini rumus sekaligus contoh dari past perfect tense.

SENTENCES   FORMULA EXAMPLES
Positive Verbal Subject + had + V3 He had finished his homework yesterday
Nominal Subject + had + been + nominal I had been the teacher some years ago
Negative Verbal Subject + had + not + V3 He hadn’t finished his homework yesterday
Nominal Subject + had + not + been + nominal I hadn’t been the teacher some years ago
Interrogative Verbal Had + Subject + V3 + ? Had he finished his homework yesterday?
Nominal Had + Subject + been + nominal + ? Had I been the teacher some years ago?

11. Future Perfect Tense

Future perfect tense digunakan untuk menjelaskan sesuatu yang akan sudah dilakukan di masa depan.

Ini penjelasan lebih lengkap mengenai future perfect tense.

SENTENCES   FORMULA EXAMPLES
Positive Verbal Subject + will + have + V3 I will have finished the cleaning in 4 hours
Nominal Subject + will + have + been + nominal The students will have been graduates in some months
Negative Verbal Subject + will + not + have + V3 I won’t have finished the cleaning in 4 hours
Nominal Subject + will + not + have + been + nominal The students won’t have been graduates in some months
Interrogative Verbal Will + subject + have + V+ ? Will I have finished the cleaning in 4 hours?
Nominal Will + subject + have + been + nominal + ? Will the students have graduated in some months?

12. Past Future Perfect Tense

Past future perfect tense biasanya digunakan untuk sesuatu yang seharusnya sudah dilakukan di masa lalu.

Formula beserta contoh dari past future perfect tense bisa dilihat di bawah ini.

SENTENCES   FORMULA EXAMPLES
Positive Verbal Subject + should/would + have + V3 He would’ve done the tasks if he wasn’t going to the cinema
Nominal Subject + should/would + have + been + nominal I should’ve been a soldier but I was failed
Negative Verbal Subject + should/would + not + have + V3 He wouldn’t have done the tasks if he wasn’t going to the cinema
Nominal Subject + should/would + not + have + been + nominal I shouldn’t have been a soldier but I was failed
Interrogative Verbal Should/would + subject + have + V+ ? Would he done the tasks if he wasn’t going to the cinema?
Nominal Should/would + subject + have + been + nominal + ? Should I have been a soldier if I was failed?

13. Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Present perfect continuous tense biasanya digunakan untuk menjelaskan sesuatu yang sudah dilakukan dan masih dilakukan hingga sekarang.

Berikut ini merupakan susunan kalimat dari present perfect continuous tense.

SENTENCES   FORMULA EXAMPLES
Positive Verbal Subject + has/have + been + Ving + since/for Mom has been working there since 2006
Nominal Subject + has/have + been + being + nominal + since/for She has been being a director 2 years ago
Negative Verbal Subject + has/have + not + been + Ving + since/for Mom hasn’t been working there since 2006
Nominal Subject + has/have + not + been + being + nominal + since/for She hasn’t been being a director since 2 years ago
Interrogative Verbal Has/have + subject + been + Ving + since/for + ? Has Mom been working there since 2006?
Nominal Has/have + subject + been + being + nominal + since/for + ? Has she been being a director since 2 years ago?

14. Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Past perfect continuous  tense digunakan untuk menjelaskan sesuatu yang sudah dilakukan dan masih dilakukan di masa lalu.

Berikut ini adalah formula yang berlaku untuk past perfect continuous tense dan contohnya.

SENTENCES   FORMULA EXAMPLES
Positive Verbal Subject + had + been + Ving + since/for I had been pushing the door for 35 minutes
Nominal Subject + had + been + being + nominal + since/for They had been being the choir since 2012
Negative Verbal Subject + had + not + been + Ving + since/for I hadn’t been pushing the door for 35 minutes
Nominal Subject + had + not + been + being + nominal + since/for They hadn’t been being the choir since 2012
Interrogative Verbal Had + subject + been + Ving + since/for + ? Had I been pushing the door for 35 minutes?
Nominal Had + subject + been + being + nominal + since/for + ? Had they been being the choir since 2012?

15. Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Future perfect continuous tense digunakan untuk menjelaskan sesuatu yang akan sedang dilakukan di masa depan. Tenses ini juga termasuk dalam 16 tenses yang perlu kamu pahami.

Berikut ini merupakan contoh penggunaan future perfect continuous tense.

SENTENCES   FORMULA EXAMPLES
Positive Verbal Subject + will + have + been + Ving + since/for I will have been watching the TV since morning
Nominal Subject + will + have + been + being + nominal + since/for She will have been being a doctor since 2016
Negative Verbal Subject + will + not + have + been + Ving + since/for I won’t have been watching the TV since morning
Nominal Subject + will + not + have + been + being + nominal + since/for She won’t has been being a doctor since 2016
Interrogative Verbal Will + subject + have + been + Ving + since/for + ? Will I have been watching the TV since morning?
Nominal Will + subject + have + been + being + nominal + since/for + ? Will she have been being a doctor since 2016?

16. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Past future perfect continuous tense biasanya digunakan untuk menjelaskan sesuatu yang akan telah dilakukan di masa lalu.

Susunan kalimat dan contohnya Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense bisa dilihat di bawah ini ya kak.

SENTENCES   FORMULA EXAMPLES
Positive Verbal Subject + would/should + have + been + Ving + since/for I would have been watching the TV since morning
Nominal Subject + would/should + have + been + being + nominal + since/for She would have been being a doctor since 2016
Negative Verbal Subject + would/should + not + have + been + Ving + since/for I wouldn’t have been watching the TV since morning
Nominal Subject + would/should + not + have + been + being + nominal + since/for She wouldn’t has been being a doctor since 2016
Interrogative Verbal Would/should + subject + have + been + Ving + since/for + ? Would I have been watching the TV since morning?
Nominal Would/should + subject + have + been + being + nominal + since/for + ? Would she have been being a doctor since 2016?

Kesimpulan

tenses bahasa inggris

Demikianlah penjelelasan lengkap mengenai 16 tenses bahasa inggris dengan rumus dan contoh yang pelajari dalam topik belajar Qna Sains Jago grammar bahasa inggris.

  • Simple present tense
  • Simple Past Tense
  • Simple Future Tense
  • Simple Past Future Tense
  • Present Continuous Tense
  • Past Continuous Tense
  • Future Continuous Tense
  • Past Future Continuous Tense
  • Present Perfect Tense
  • Past Perfect Tense
  • Future Perfect Tense
  • Past Future Perfect Tense
  • Present Perfect Continuous Tense
  • Past Perfect Continuous Tense
  • Future Perfect Continuous Tense
  • Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense
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